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From mosquito bites to major breakthroughs: Doctor shares how we can beat Malaria

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As a specialist in infectious diseases and working hand-in-hand with communities all over India, I have witnessed directly how a small mosquito bite can culminate into a life-altering consequence. Malaria, which was previously a seasonal affliction, has now become an insidious public health menace, particularly in our tropical environment with optimal breeding conditions for mosquitoes. Though we have made significant strides in addressing the disease, a long way still remains to be covered.

Each year, thousands of people die not only to malaria itself, but to delayed diagnosis and lack of awareness. The early warning signs like fever, chills, weakness, and headache are easily confused with the run-of-the-mill viral illnesses, and this results in delayed treatment and increased risk for complications. Perhaps one of the most important messages I give to patients is this: never disregard these symptoms. Early detection and treatment can be the difference between cure and a medical emergency.

The positive news is that nowadays, human beings have never had as much power to shield themselves. Through decades of scientific discovery, today we are armed with advanced diagnostic technologies and powerful treatments. The game-changer has undoubtedly been the licensure of RTS,S, the very first licensed malaria vaccine. While still being rolled out in pilot countries, its capacity to realign the worldwide malaria burden is gigantic.

Of course, at the heart of malaria control is prevention. We must never drop our guard. Sleeping under insecticide-treated bed nets, using long-sleeved shirts and pants, and keeping window screens intact are simple measures every home can practice. Eliminating nearby water that breeds mosquitoes, flowerpots, open pools of water, unused containers is just as crucial, for these are the most favorable breeding pools for these pests.

But defeating malaria is not all about what health officials or doctors can do, it's about what we as a society decide to value. Community awareness and involvement are crucial. Public health must be accompanied by education. People need to be given not just the tools, but the knowledge to use them. No matter if it's through school courses, village health committees, or online campaigns, the message has to be consistent and clear: malaria is preventable, treatable, and beatable.

India's National Framework for Malaria Elimination has established a clear vision, a malaria-free India by 2030. To achieve it, we require a concerted effort: scientific innovation, robust government support, solid healthcare systems, and community involvement. As a doctor, I firmly believe this vision is not only possible it is within our grasp.

Let us not wait for malaria to hit us before we take action. Each net that is hung, each puddle that is drained, each child that is educated is a step towards a malaria-free future. Together, we can shift from reactive care to proactive protection. From mosquito bites to big breakthroughs, this is how we defeat malaria.

(Dr. Simon Grant, Physician and Trustee, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune)
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